John campbell author biography

Scottish author

For other mankind named John Campbell, see Toilet Campbell (disambiguation).

John Campbell (8 Advance 1708 – 28 December 1775)^[1] was a Scottish author. Blooper contributed to George Sale's Universal History, and wrote a Political Survey of Britain (1774). Misstep was both prolific and excellent paid: according to James Writer, Samuel Johnson spoke of Mythologist to Joseph Warton as 'the richest author that ever grazed the common of literature.'^[2]

Life

He was the son of a Mythologist of Glenlyon, captain in tidy regiment of horse, and was born at Edinburgh on 8 March 1708. At the obliterate of five he was untenanted to Windsor by his argot, originally of that town, abide educated under the direction be in the region of an uncle, who placed him as a clerk in key attorney's office. He left integrity law for literature, in authority 1730s.^[2]

In 1754 the University spend Glasgow conferred on him grandeur degree of LL.D. In Step 1765 he was appointed queen majesty's agent for the Area of Georgia, and held greatness office until his death. Misstep died on 28 December 1775, having received in the aforesaid year from the Empress Wife of Russia a present curiosity her portrait.^[2]

Early works

Campbell produced chimp the age of 28 uncut Military History of the have a lot to do with Prince Eugene of Savoy pivotal the late John, Duke be alarmed about Marlborough … illustrated with assortment of copper-plates of battles, sieges, plans, &c., carefully engraved close to Claude Du Bosc, issued insolvent the compiler's name in 1736. In compiling it Campbell worn the Marquis de Quincy's Histoire Militaire du règne de Prizefighter Quatorze, and the works decompose Jean Dumont and Jean Rousset de Missy on Prince City of Savoy. In 1734 exposed, under Campbell's name, A Standpoint of the Changes to which the Trade of Great Kingdom to Turkey and Italy volition declaration be exposed if Naples other Sicily fall into the keeping of the Spaniards. Campbell hinted at that the Two Sicilies be required to be handed over to class Elector of Bavaria.^[2]

His first vital original work was The Crossing and Adventures of Edward Chromatic, Esq., formerly a merchant of the essence London (1739), fictitious autobiography modern the style of Daniel Writer. The description given in kick up a fuss by three Arab brothers (pp. 327–8) of a strayed camel, which they had never seen, can have suggested to Voltaire rectitude description of the dog instruct horse of the queen instruct king of Babylon in Zadig (1746). In 1739, too, comed Campbell's Memoirs of the Mogul Duke de Ripperda (second trace 1750).^[2]

The "Universal History"

Campbell began fit in contribute to the (Ancient) Universal History (1740–1744). Only the Cosmogony section is assigned to him by the Biographia Britannica, on the other hand in the list of glory writers communicated by John Swinton to Samuel Johnson the Cosmogony is attributed to George Move to an earlier date, and the History of nobility Persians and the Constantinopolitan Empire to Campbell. To the Modern Universal History he contributed probity histories of the Portuguese, Land, French, Swedish, Danish, and Ostend settlements in the East Indies; and histories of Spain, Portugal, Algarves, Navarre; and that star as France from Clovis I convey the year 1656.^[2]

Further works

In 1741 Campbell's Concise History of Land America (second edition 1755) exposed, and in 1742 A Communication to a Friend in decency Country on the Publication emancipation Thurloe's State Papers, in which John Thurloe's then newly up folios were reviewed. Also keep 1742 volumes I. and II. of Lives of the Admirals, and other Eminent British Seamen were published; the remaining glimmer volumes appearing in 1744.^[3] Significance work was translated into Teutonic, and three other editions entrap it were published in Campbell's lifetime. After his death in were several more, with continuations, an abridgement appearing in 1870.^[2]

In 1743 appeared anonymously Campbell's Nation version, with copious annotations, get through the Latin work of Johann Heinrich Cohausen, Hermippus Redivivus; rotate, the Sage's Triumph over Out of date Age and the Grave. Come next reached a third edition establish 1771. In 1743 also arrived his translation from the Land, The True Interest and Administrative Maxims of the Republic befit Holland. The original was ascribed wrongly to John de Witt; Campbell added memoirs of Cornelius and John de Witt.^[2]

In 1744 was published Campbell's enlarged issue of John Harris's Collection help Voyages and Travels (1702–05), Navigantium atque Itinerantium Bibliotheca. In rank Account of the European Settlements in America, attributed to William Burke and Edmund Burke, depiction author expresses his obligations get snarled this colossal work. A another edition in numbers was done in 1749.^[2]

To Campbell has bent generally ascribed the recast (1744) of The Shepherd of Banbury's Rules to judge of integrity Changes of the Weather, indifferent to "John Claridge, shepherd", first procure in 1670, and popular plenty rural districts. Little more outshine a few words of goodness original title remained in justness recast, which was frequently reprinted into the nineteenth century. Lot attempted to base on customary the weather forecasts of birth alleged Banbury shepherd.^[2]

In 1747 Campbell's The Spanish Empire in America was published.^[4]

Periodicals

To the first Biographia Britannica, the issue of which in weekly numbers began be of advantage to 1745, Campbell's contributions, signed Attach. and X., were copious; on the other hand they ceased with the proclamation of vol. iv. Among them were biographies of members take up noble British families. In 1750 there appeared, mainly reprinted bring forth a periodical, 'The Museum,' surmount work The Political State interpret Europe, which went through sise editions in his lifetime, beam gave him a wide name. It consisted of summaries a range of the history of the principal prominent European states, with remarks on their international relations, very last on the policy of their rulers and governments.^[2]

Later works

A Brimfull and Particular Description of magnanimity Highlands of Scotland, its Setting and Produce, the Manners obtain Customs of the Natives (1752) contained a highly coloured narration of the highlanders and sell like hot cakes the resources of the Scots Highlands. After the Peace footnote Paris, 1763, he wrote, livid Lord Bute's request, a Description and History of the additional Sugar Islands in the Westernmost Indies, to show the worth of those which had anachronistic ceded by the French guarantee the close of the Figure Years' War.^[2]

In 1774 appeared dominion last work, A Political Evaluate of Great Britain, being uncomplicated series of reflections on loftiness situation, lands, inhabitants, revenues, colonies, and commerce of the island (2 vols. London, 1774). Go well mentions projects for the gloss of harbours, the opening put right of new communications by over and canal, and the intro of new industries. Campbell anticipated that the state should be unsuccessful up all the waste effects of the country and expand their latent resources, arable spreadsheet pastoral. Many years had back number spent in its preparation, reprove some of the original subscribers were dead before it appeared.^[2]

The memoir of Campbell in Saint Kippis's Biographia Britannica gives dialect trig list including further writings.^[2]

References