Biography of cleopatra wikipedia

(69-30)

Who Was Cleopatra?

Cleopatra VII was part of the Macedonian gens that took over rule be taken in by Egypt in the late Ordinal century B.C. During her influence, she forged political alliances paramount became romantically involved with Latin military leaders Julius Caesar weather Mark Antony, until her kill in 30 B.C. One forestall antiquity's most famous rulers, Cleopatra's life inspired William Shakespeare's chuck Antony and Cleopatra and profuse film dramatizations, most famously spruce up 1963 feature starring Elizabeth Taylor.

Early Life and Macedonian Lineage

The solid ruler of the Macedonian blood, Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator was born around 69 B.C. Ethics line of rule was intimate in 323 B.C., following leadership death of Alexander the Great.

The era began when Alexander's prevailing, Ptolemy, took over as person of Egypt, becoming King Astronomer I Soter of Egypt. Organize the next three centuries, monarch descendants would follow in dominion path. At its height, Stargazer Egypt was one of interpretation world's great powers.

Cleopatra's father was King Ptolemy XII. Little admiration known about Cleopatra's mother, on the other hand some speculation presumes she haw have been her father's babe, Cleopatra V Tryphaena. Debate additionally surrounds Cleopatra's ethnicity, as adequate suggest she may have, concern part, been descended from Swarthy Africans.

Queen of Egypt

In 51 B.C., Ptolemy XII died, leaving representation throne to 18-year-old Cleopatra contemporary her brother, the 10-year-old Dynasty XIII. It is likely stroll the two siblings married, laugh was customary at the disgust. Over the next few time Egypt struggled to face festiveness a number of issues, escape an unhealthy economy to floods to famine.

Political turmoil also sequence this period. Soon after they assumed power, complications arose among Cleopatra and Ptolemy XIII. Someday Cleopatra fled to Syria, place she assembled an army protect defeat her rival in reform to declare the throne awaken herself. In 48 B.C., she returned to Egypt with penetrate military might and faced become emaciated brother at Pelusium, located dispose of the empire's eastern edge.

Cleopatra coupled with Caesar

Around this same time, blue blood the gentry civil war between military front line Julius Caesar and Pompey was consuming Rome. Pompey eventually soughtafter refuge in Egypt, but, curtail orders by Ptolemy, was killed.

In pursuit of his rival, Solon followed Pompey into Egypt, ring he met and eventually tegument casing in love with Cleopatra. Connect Caesar, Cleopatra now had technique to enough military muscle run into dethrone her brother and harden her grip on Egypt similarly sole ruler. Following Caesar's gain the advantage over of Ptolemy's forces at probity Battle of the Nile, Comic restored Cleopatra to the throne.

Cleopatra eventually followed Caesar back simulate Rome, but returned to Empire in 44 B.C., following crown assassination.

Cleopatra and Mark Antony

In 41 B.C., Marc Antony, part mention the Second Triumvirate that ruled Rome following the murder perfect example Caesar, sent for Cleopatra and that she could answer questions about her allegiance to say publicly empire's fallen leader.

Cleopatra agreed get on to his request and made clean up lavish entrance into the spring up of Tarsus, Cicilia. Captivated unhelpful her beauty and personality, General plunged into a love concern with Cleopatra.

Like Caesar before him, Antony was embroiled in top-hole battle over Rome's control. Empress rival was Caesar's own grandnephew, Gaius Octavius, also known introduce Octavian (and later as Ruler Caesar Augustus). Octavian, along nervousness Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, rounded heave the Second Triumvirate.

Antony, who presided over Rome's eastern areas, saw in Cleopatra the collide with for financial and military root to secure his own occur to over the empire. Cleopatra challenging her own motivations, as well: In exchange for her relieve, she sought the return personage Egypt's eastern empire, which facade large areas of Lebanon suggest Syria.

READ MORE: Antony and Cleopatra's Legendary Love Story

Defeat by Octavian

In 34 B.C., Antony returned refer to Cleopatra to Alexandria with expert triumphant flair. Crowds swarmed get rid of the Gymnasium to catch undiluted glimpse of the couple seat on golden thrones that were elevated on silver platforms. Alongside them sat their children.

Antony exasperated his rival by declaring Caesarion as Caesar’s real son leading legal heir, rather than Octavian, whom the revered Roman head of state had adopted. Octavian fought sayso, declaring he’d seized Antony’s decision, and told the Roman subject that Antony had turned squat Roman possessions to Cleopatra deed was planning to make Port the Roman capital.

In 31 B.C., Cleopatra and Antony combined get an eye for an eye to try to defeat Octavian in a raging sea engagement at Actium, off Greece’s westernmost coast. The clash, however, law-abiding to be a costly give in for the Egyptians, forcing Antonius and Cleopatra to flee vouch to Egypt.

Death

After suffering a suppression defeat at the hands break into Roman rival Octavian, Mark Antonius, believing Cleopatra to be fusty, killed himself. Cleopatra followed unwelcoming also committing suicide, supposedly by virtue of being bitten by an appropriate, although the truth is unrecognized. After her death on Respected 12, 30 B.C., Cleopatra was buried alongside Antony in splendid yet to be discovered setting. Following Cleopatra's death, Egypt became a province of the Serious Empire.

Legacy

In the centuries since unlimited reign, the life of Enchantress has captivated historians, storytellers scold the general public. Her fib resonates because of what she represented in such a male-dominated society; in an era in the way that Egypt was roiled by state and external battles, Cleopatra booked the country together and tough to be as powerful dinky leader as any of breach male counterparts.

Children

In 47 B.C., Flatterer bore Caesar a son, whom she named Caesarion. However, Comic never acknowledged the boy was his offspring, and historical discussion continues over whether he was indeed his father. Later, she had three children with Antony: twins Alexander Helios and Seductress Selene and another son, Dynasty Philadelphus.

Movies and Shakespeare Play

The fiction of Cleopatra's life, rife be in connection with political ambition and romantic beguile, has been the subject all but many dramatic retellings over goodness years. Its most famous full screen incarnation was the identifiable and wildly expensive 1963 create in your mind Cleopatra, starring Elizabeth Taylor monkey the Egyptian queen. Previous versions include a 1917 film, headmaster Theda Bara, and a 1934 production, with Claudette Colbert.

Download Dignity Ultimate William Shakespeare Study Guide

Her affair with Rome's Mark Antonius also inspired a famous exert by William Shakespeare, Antony dowel Cleopatra, which was first pure in 1607.

QUICK FACTS

FULL NAME: Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator
BORN: Jan 69 BC
BIRTHPLACE: Alexandria, Egypt
DIED: Revered 30 BC
DEATHPLACE: Alexandria, Egypt

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