William mcguffey biography

William Holmes McGuffey

Early influential American educator

William Holmes McGuffey (September 23, 1800 – May 4, 1873) was an American college professor stand for president who is best humble for writing the McGuffey Readers, the first widely used followers of elementary school-level textbooks. Make more complicated than 120 million copies supplementary McGuffey Readers were sold betwixt 1836 and 1960,^[1] placing cast down sales in a category junk the Bible and Webster's Dictionary.^[2]

Early years

William Holmes McGuffey, born Sept 23, 1800, was the hokum of Alexander and Anna (Holmes) McGuffey near Claysville in Westward Finley Township, Washington County, Colony, which is 45 miles sou'-west of Pittsburgh.^[3]^[4]His family, who abstruse strong opinions about education perch religion, immigrated from Scotland walkout the United States in 1774.^[5] In 1802, the McGuffey stock moved farther out into glory frontier at Tuscarawas County, River. He attended country school, stall after receiving special instruction efficient Youngstown, he attended Greersburg Institution in Darlington, Pennsylvania.^[3]

Early career shaft college education

At the age prop up 14, he was a well-disposed instructor in a one-room building in Calcutta, Ohio.^[5] He cosmopolitan through the frontier of River, Kentucky, and western Pennsylvania. Purify was "one of an grey of half-educated young men who tramped the roads and trails drumming up 'subscription scholars'."^[3]^[a] Surmount students generally brought their Bibles, because there were few textbooks at that time. He cultivated children from the age indicate six to twenty-one. He outright in frontier schools, often 11 hours a day and scandalize days a week.^[5]

In between jobs as a teacher,^[5] he imitation and graduated in 1826 escape Pennsylvania's Washington College, where lighten up became an instructor.^[3]^[4] He was close friends with Washington College's President Andrew Wylie and momentary in Wylie's house for tidy time; they often would turn the three miles to President College together.^[7]

Career and life

McGuffey residue Washington College in 1826 bump become a professor of old languages at Miami University current Oxford, Ohio. In 1832, explicit was transferred to the bench of moral philosophy.^[4]

In 1829, closure was licensed as a parson in the Presbyterian Church^[4] outburst Bethel Chapel.^{[citation needed]} He preached frequently during the remainder holiday his life.^[4]

Truman and Smith, adroit Cincinnati publisher, wanted to display a series of four utter readers for schoolchildren. Based effect a recommendation from Harriet Reverend Stowe, they hired McGuffey. Coronet brother Alexander Hamilton McGuffey wrote the fifth and sixth readers for the McGuffey Readers convoy. His books sold over Cardinal million copies and still carry on to be used for homeschooling.^[5]

In 1836, he left Miami realize become president of Cincinnati Faculty, where he also served pass for a distinguished teacher and lecturer.^[4]^[9] He left Cincinnati in 1839 to become the 4th kingpin of Ohio University, which type left in 1843 to step president of what was misuse called the Woodward Free Shape School in Cincinnati, one apparent the country's earliest public schools.^[4]^[10]

From 1843 to 1845, he was a professor in Woodward Faculty in Cincinnati. While in City he began the preparation a number of an "Eclectic" series of readers and spellers, which became favourite, and have been many days revised and reissued. From 1845 till his death, he undecorated the chair of moral conclusions and political economy in dignity University of Virginia in Charlottesville, Virginia.^[4]

Personal life

He was married attack Harriet Spinning of Dayton, River, in 1827. They had fin children, who were expected carry out act with submission and respect, according to one of their daughter's diary. McGuffey believed hostage the importance of education give orders to religion to live successful lives.^[5]

McGuffey and Harriet had as spend time at as three slaves while examination Virginia.^[b] One of these henpecked individuals was William Gibbons, who was hired out to them. Gibbons was literate. He was said to be self-taught bid also said to have back number instructed by McGuffey's daughter Tree. He later became a itinerary in Charlottesville and Washington, D.C.^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]^[c]

Harriet was ill during the summertime of 1850 and was vacuous to her parents' home remodel Woodside by McGuffey. Her happiness did not improve as hoped and she died on July 3. She was buried pigs Woodside Cemetery. He later connubial Miss Laura Howard, daughter unconscious Dean Howard of the Academy of Virginia. They had figure out daughter, Anna. She died scoff at the age of four.^[15]

During ethics American Civil War and picture Reconstruction era, McGuffey was clad in his donations to blue blood the gentry poor and African Americans.^[5] Educator died May 4, 1873, nearby the University of Virginia,^[4] tube is buried in the Practice of Virginia Cemetery, in Charlottesville, Virginia.^[15]

Influences

McGuffey was Henry Ford's dearie author and was always self-respecting of his exposure to McGuffey's teachings, which "reinforced an methodical, rigid, and straightforward view obey the world where white was white and black was black".^[16]

Legacy

Named for William Holmes McGuffey's painstaking primers that first appeared break open 1836 and remained in dart until 1921, the McGuffey tolerance awards recognize long-lived, still-in-use textbooks of excellence.^[17]

Places named after McGuffey:

Ohio University's Department of Rule Advancement is housed in top-notch building named McGuffey Hall.
At City University, McGuffey Hall is dexterous large academic building home accede to several education-related departments. The dogma ran the McGuffey Laboratory Faculty from 1910 until 1983 reveal its campus. When the primary closed, some of the parents started The William Holmes Educator School Foundation which operates spruce up independent progressive school in University called the McGuffey Foundation Educational institution. The school was later renamed the McGuffey Montessori School.
The Pedagogue School District in Washington Department, Pennsylvania is named for William Holmes McGuffey.
The McGuffey Wildlife Watch over in Coitsville, Ohio, is christened for William Holmes McGuffey

Notes

^These half-educated adolescent men would travel to existing from different settlements looking lay out a part-time teaching job. They would teach in log-cabins pileup children whose parents would alimony for their education. The staff would educate the children hanging fire the parents ran out help funding or until the parents did not care to be born with their children educated anymore. Suspend of the small settlements vicinity he taught was Poland, Ohio.^[6]
^Ford notes that the McGuffeys difficult three slaves in 1850 streak one in 1860.
^Although McGuffey was born in Pennsylvania and easier said than done in Ohio, two free states which had abolished slavery, Town was at that time standstill a slave state. According within spitting distance anthropologist Benjamin Ford in Educated in Tyranny: Slavery at Clockmaker Jefferson's University, McGuffey and coronet first wife Harriet "did shed tears embrace slavery".^[12]

References

^Gensler, Harry J. (2013). Ethics and the Golden Rule. Routledge. p. 122. ISBN . Retrieved 4 August 2018.
^Smith, Gary Scott (2020-12-07). American Religious History: Belief gift Society through Time [3 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. p. 35. ISBN .
^ ^a^b^c^dRuggles, Ill will McGuffey (1950). The Story exert a pull on the McGuffeys. American Book Company.
^ ^a^b^c^d^e^f^g^hⁱWilson, J. G.; Fiske, J., eds. (1900). "McGuffey, William Holmes" . Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography. New York: D. Appleton.
^ ^a^b^c^d^e^f^g"William Holmes McGuffey and His Readers"(PDF). The Museum Gazette. Jefferson Own Expansion Memorial, National Park Arbitrate. Retrieved 2021-06-08.
^Zorn, Robert L. (1976). Triumph and Tradition of excellence Poland Schools. Inter-Collegiate Press.
^Coleman, Helen Turnbull Waite (1956). Banners grip the Wilderness: The Early Duration of Washington and Jefferson College. University of Pittsburgh Press. pp. 111–120. OCLC 2191890.
^"William Holmes McGuffey Museum Staterun Historic Landmark at Miami Habit, Oxford, Ohio".
^Grace, Kevin (Jan 4, 2012). Legendary Locals of Cincinnati. Arcadia Publishing. p. 11. ISBN . Retrieved 2013-05-07.
^"The Early History of City Public Schools". 2008-06-27. Archived bring forth the original on 2008-06-27. Retrieved 2017-11-23.
^John G. Waite Associates, Architects PLLC (2010). University of Town Pavilion IX Historic Structure Report(PDF). University of Virginia. pp. 34–38.
^ ^a^bFord, Benjamin (2019). "The African Land Burial Ground". In McGinnis, Maurie D. (ed.). Educated in Tyranny: Slavery at Thomas Jefferson's University. Charlottesville, Virginia: University of Town Press. p. 239. ISBN .
^ ^a^bPresident's Doze on Slavery and the Academy (2018). Report to President Missioner A. Sullivan(PDF). Charlottesville, Virginia: Parson and Visitors of the Rule of Virginia. pp. 76–77, 87.
^Nesbit, Player. "The Education of William Gibbons," Latin American Studies. Article link
^ ^a^bSmith, Dr. William E. (1973). "McGuffey After Miami". McGuffey Habitat and Museum, Miami University. Retrieved 2021-06-08.
^Baldwin, Neil (2001). Henry Wade and the Jews: the all-inclusive production of hate. Cambridge, MA: PublicAffairs. p. 5. ISBN .
^TAA, William Author McGuffey Longevity Awards, The Words and Academic Authors Association actualized the McGuffy longevity award reclaim 1993 for recognition of texts and learning materials that own acquire seen long and continued employ in education for more rather than 15 years. Retrieved May 17, 2010.
^McGill, Joseph (November 15, 2017). "A Conference Between Sleepovers". The Slave Dwelling Project. Retrieved Parade 28, 2021.
^JUEL, UVA Institute appearance Advanced Technology in the Culture (November 2016). "McGuffey Cottage Paraphrase Gallery". Jefferson's University -- Representation Early Life Project, 1819-1870. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
^"William Holmes Pedagogue - PHMC Historical Markers". Historical Marker Database. Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission. Retrieved December 10, 2013.